One Agent, Many Agents, or Something In Between? A Decision Framework for Agent Architecture

Stop asking “should I go multi-agent?”. Start asking “what kind of boundary do I actually need?” The multi-agent debate has become weirdly binary. Every week I see a new post arguing for one of two camps: “one powerful agent with great tools is all you need” or “the future is swarms of specialized agents talking over A2A.” Both sides cite impressive numbers. Anthropic reported their multi-agent research system outperformed a single Claude Opus 4 by 90.2% on internal evals.