Failure-Aware Medical AI: A System Architecture for Uncertainty-Driven Clinical Decision Making
Towards AI
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Machine Learning
Figure: Overview of Failure-Aware Medical AI for Uncertainty-Driven Clinical Decision Making [Source - Image by Author] Integrating OOD detection, calibrated confidence, and human-in-the-loop escalation In 2019, a deep learning system reported in Nature Medicine achieved performance comparable to expert radiologists in detecting breast cancer from mammograms. The result was widely interpreted as a milestone for medical AI.