AI RESEARCH
Readable Minds: Emergent Theory-of-Mind-Like Behavior in LLM Poker Agents
arXiv CS.AI
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ArXi:2604.04157v1 Announce Type: new Theory of Mind (ToM) -- the ability to model others' mental states -- is fundamental to human social cognition. Whether large language models (LLMs) can develop ToM has been tested exclusively through static vignettes, leaving open whether ToM-like reasoning can emerge through dynamic interaction. Here we report that autonomous LLM agents playing extended sessions of Texas Hold'em poker progressively develop sophisticated opponent models, but only when equipped with persistent memory.