Model-Free Assessment of Simulator Fidelity via Quantile Curves

ArXi:2512.05024v3 Announce Type: replace-cross As generative AI models are increasingly used to simulate real-world systems, quantifying the ``sim-to-real'' gap is critical. For each input setting of interest -- which we call a \emph{scenario}, such as a survey question or operating condition -- the real and simulated systems are associated with unobserved latent population parameters, and their discrepancy varies across scenarios.