A Hierarchical MARL-Based Approach for Coordinated Retail P2P Trading and Wholesale Market Participation of DERs

ArXi:2604.20586v1 Announce Type: new The ongoing shift towards decentralization of the electric energy sector, driven by the growing electrification across end-use sectors, and widespread adoption of distributed energy resources (DERs), necessitates their active participation in the electricity markets to grid operations. Furthermore, with bi-directional energy and communication flows becoming standard, intelligent, easy-to-deploy, resource-conservative demand-side participation is expected to play a critical role in securing power grid operational flexibility and market efficiency.