Internal vs. External: Comparing Deliberation and Evolution for Multi-Agent Constitutional Design

ArXi:2605.09128v1 Announce Type: cross Multi-agent AI systems need behavioral constitutions, but it is unresolved whether such rules should emerge internally through agent self-governance or be discovered externally through optimization. We present the first controlled comparison of internal deliberation and external evolution across three social environments: a coordination grid-world, an iterated public goods game, and a bilateral trading market.