Explainable Wastewater Digital Twins: Adaptive Context-Conditioned Structured Simulators with Self-Falsifying Decision Support

ArXi:2605.19826v1 Announce Type: new Operators of safety-critical industrial processes increasingly rely on digital twins to screen control interventions, but such simulators rarely carry certified safety guarantees. Wastewater treatment plants exemplify the gap: operators face a daily safety-efficiency trade-off where aerating too little risks effluent violations and nitrous-oxide (N2O) spikes, and aerating too much wastes energy. We develop an explainable digital twin for aeration and dosing setpoints.